Understanding Diabetic Foot and Its Risks

Diabetic foot is a serious complication of diabetes that often appears as open wounds, ulcers, or sores on the feet that heal very slowly—or not at all. Left untreated, these wounds can lead to deep infections, gangrene, and even amputation.

This condition commonly affects people with long-standing or poorly managed diabetes. The main causes are peripheral neuropathy and poor blood circulation. Neuropathy reduces sensation, so injuries may go unnoticed, while poor circulation slows healing and increases infection risk.

Prevention and early detection are vital. People with diabetes should inspect their feet daily for redness, swelling, cuts, or blisters. Pay attention to the soles, heels, and between the toes, as small issues can quickly become dangerous.

Good hygiene is essential. Wash feet daily with warm water and mild soap, then dry them carefully—especially between the toes. Apply lotion to keep skin soft but avoid the spaces between toes to prevent fungal growth. Trim nails straight across to reduce the risk of ingrown nails.

Proper footwear also matters. Wear well-fitting shoes and clean, breathable socks. Avoid walking barefoot, even indoors, to prevent cuts or burns. People with reduced sensation should also avoid heating pads or hot water bottles, which can cause accidental burns.

Seek medical help immediately if you notice color changes, numbness, swelling, persistent pain, or wounds that don’t heal. Early treatment can stop minor problems from becoming severe.

Managing diabetes effectively is key to preventing complications. Keeping blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol under control supports circulation and nerve health. Healthy eating, exercise, and medication adherence are crucial.

Regular check-ups with a doctor or podiatrist—at least once a year—help catch problems early. Consistent foot care protects mobility, prevents amputation, and can truly save lives.