The Supreme Court recently authorized the Trump administration to deport eight immigrants detained at a U.S. military base in Djibouti to South Sudan, marking a major shift in the balance of power between the executive branch and the courts on immigration matters. In a brief, unsigned opinion, the Court confirmed that its earlier stay of a Massachusetts judge’s order applied fully, allowing the administration to proceed with the removals despite concerns about sending individuals to a country facing severe instability. The ruling highlights the growing judicial acceptance of “third-country” deportations—removals to nations other than a person’s country of origin—and signals expanding executive authority in areas tied to national security and foreign policy.

The case originated from U.S. District Judge Brian Murphy’s April order requiring the federal government to implement procedural safeguards before deporting anyone to a third country where torture was likely. He reinforced this ruling in May when the administration attempted to deport eight men to South Sudan, a nation then experiencing violence, kidnappings, and widespread insecurity. The deportation flight was redirected to Djibouti, leaving the men in an extended state of legal limbo and drawing attention from human rights organizations. Murphy emphasized that the deportations, without the mandated protections, violated both U.S. law and international obligations under the Convention Against Torture.

When the administration appealed, it argued that Murphy’s requirements disrupted immigration enforcement and interfered with diplomatic operations. The immigrants’ attorneys countered that the judge merely required compliance with anti-torture laws. After the Supreme Court issued a temporary stay, ambiguity arose over whether it applied to the eight detainees, prompting further conflict between the lower court and the administration. The Court’s latest order clarified that Murphy’s injunction was entirely suspended, clearing the way for deportations while litigation continues.

The decision caused sharp ideological divisions within the Court. Conservative justices supported the unsigned ruling, while Justices Sotomayor and Jackson dissented, warning that the immigrants could face torture or death. The ruling raises urgent questions about how the United States reconciles immigration enforcement with humanitarian responsibilities and may shape future policy on third-country deportations, leaving the fate of the eight detainees—and broader human rights protections—uncertain.