The Senate’s unanimous approval (100–0) of the No Tax on Tips Act, led by Republican Senator Ted Cruz, marks a rare moment of bipartisan unity in Congress. The act exempts “qualified” tipped wages—such as cash tips, credit/debit‐card tips, checks, and shared or pooled tips—from federal income tax by allowing workers to claim a 100% deduction when they file. Cruz framed the law as a way to protect service‑industry workers—waitstaff, bartenders, delivery drivers, nail techs, and others—who often rely heavily on tips to make ends meet.

Under the bill’s terms, there’s a $25,000 cap on deductible tip income per taxpayer, with eligibility restricted to individuals in traditionally tipped professions. The legislation also places an income phase-out, disallowing the full deduction for higher earners—specifically those making more than $160,000 (per the Senate version). These “guardrails” were designed to prevent abuse and ensure the benefit goes to workers who genuinely depend on tip-based pay.

In addition to the deduction for workers, the bill expands a business tax credit for payroll taxes paid on tips—particularly in beauty services like barbering, esthetics, nail care, and spa work. This aims to help small businesses in tip-heavy industries, ensuring they’re not penalized for employing tipped workers.

There are important differences between the Senate and House versions of the bill. In the House, the deduction would reportedly expire in 2028, while the Senate version does not include an expiration date. Also, the House version has no $25,000 cap, allowing for a full deduction of reported tips; the Senate version’s cap limits the benefit. The Senate version is also limited to W-2 employees, excluding many independent contractors.

Observers have raised a few criticisms. Some economists and labor advocates warn that exempting tip income could incentivize employers to suppress base wages, leaning more on tips—and potentially exacerbating the low nominal wage issue in tipped sectors. There’s also concern about who benefits the most: higher‑earning tipped workers could take full advantage of the deduction, while very low-income workers (who already pay little or no income tax) may not see as much of a payoff.  Critics also worry about potential expansion of the tipped-wage model into new industries.

Finally, the bill directs the Treasury Department to issue, within 90 days, a formal list of qualifying “tipped occupations” (jobs that regularly received tips before 2024). This list will help define exactly which workers can use the deduction, aiming for clarity and consistency. Supporters argue that this structure strikes a balance: it gives real, immediate relief to working-class service employees while guarding against exploitation or loopholes.